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KMID : 0353320150390010001
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Oral Biology Research
2015 Volume.39 No. 1 p.1 ~ p.9
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Diagnosis and classification of peri-implant disease: A literature review
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Lee Hwa-Sun
Yu Sang-Joun
Kim Young-Joon
Kim Byung-Ock
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Abstract
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This review study was performed to summarize previous studies concerning biologic findings of implants compared to natural teeth, diagnostic tools, and classifications of peri-implant disease. Peri-implant tissue has been proven to have a different biologic attachment system, which causes a weaker barrier to plaque or bacterial infection. Further, formation of biologic width following engagement of the transmucosal part of the implant should be considered before surgery, and clinicians should invest stable tissue conditions around the implant. Although various risk factors are involved in peri-implant disease, plaque deposition, history of periodontitis, and smoking showed strong evidence of disease. Peri-implant disease can be diagnosed by probing with proper pressure (0.25 N), and bleeding on probing is highly related to peri-implantitis. Further, radiographic examination such as intaoral x-ray, panoramic view, and cone-beam computed tomography can help to diagnose disease and classify the state of peri-implantitis. The classification of peri-implantitis can be diverse. Until now, three-stage classification by Froum & Rosen (early, moderate, and advanced), diagnosed by probing depth, bleeding upon probing, and percentage of remaining bone, is useful as a clinical approach.
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KEYWORD
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Diagnosis, Dental implant, Radiography, Periodontal index
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